As new products come out, they all have the familiar IOS interface. Both routers use access lists, have similar security mechanisms, support the same set of protocols in the same way, and so on.Īs Cisco continues developing its product line, it’s clear that the Internetwork Operating System (IOS) is a key part of its strategy. While a small home network router doesn’t have the features or the capacity of an ISP’s router, you configure them pretty much the same way. Therefore, they share the same command set, the same user interface, and the same configuration techniques. Almost all of their devices-from the smallest to the largest-run the Internetwork Operating System (IOS) Their routers come in all shapes and sizes, from inexpensive units for homes and small offices to equipment that costs hundreds of thousands of dollars, used by very large ISPs and telcos. And Cisco is the most prominent router manufacturer, holding the largest share of the market. Routers and switches are the glue that holds the Internet together. Even that little router sitting on your cable or DSL connection at home could very well be a Cisco device. No matter what happens, Cisco is likely to continue its dominance of the networking world. Things have certainly changed, which leaves us to wonder what the next few years will bring. Even the once-killer app email has been surpassed by the gratification of instant messaging. Our children and grandparents now speak of dot-bombs, MP3s, broadband, voice over IP, instant messaging, and outsourcing. But in the networking and computer fields, that’s a very long time indeed. The Internet is now part of our culture.Īlmost four years have passed since then, which does not seem like much time at all. Our children and even our grandparents speak of dot-coms, email, and web sites. Today, the Internet reaches into virtually every business and almost every home. No more features or bug fixes were to be applied to the Cisco IOS 9.17 line.The modern world is networked in a way that could barely be imagined a few decades ago. Cisco IOS 9.17(16) is the last maintenance release of 9.17. Cisco IOS 9.17 has reached its end of sales (EOS) and end of maintenance (EOM) milestones. Cisco IOS 9.1 users were notified that, as of April 17, 1995, they should upgrade to Cisco IOS 10.0(9) or 10.2(5). Historical FactsĬisco IOS 8.3 was the last popular Cisco IOS release before the 1990s.Ĭisco IOS 9.1 first customer shipped (FCS) in December 1992.Ĭisco IOS 9.1(16) is the last maintenance release of Cisco IOS 9.1. As Cisco IOS continues to evolve, customers will be able to mix and match specific features to meet the requirements of their unique environments. Bulletproofing allows Cisco IOS feature/solution sets to be built specifically to customer requirements. Bulletproofing, a synonym for still finer levels of modularity, allows Cisco IOS features to be defined tightly with little to no dependencies on other features or subsystems. The Cisco IOS evolution to port-ready status indicates that Cisco IOS 11.3 and later can be more easily ported to new platforms. This layered subsystem design has allowed engineering to partition Cisco IOS into more manageable and easily upgradeable feature sets. The subsystems themselves are defined as discrete modules that support various functions within the embedded (Kernel) system. Organized as a set of layers, each subsystem now provides an independent entry point into the system code. Most of its operating code had structural and operational interdependencies.Ĭisco IOS releases 9.21 through 11.2 represent engineering efforts to redesign Cisco IOS into modular components or subsystems. This monolithic structure did not enforce data hiding. It was arranged as a set of procedures, allowing any of the procedure(s) to call any other. The early releases of Cisco IOS grew into a singular, monolithic system that is fundamentally router-centric. Refer to Cisco Technical Tips Conventions for more information on document conventions. This document is not restricted to specific software and hardware versions. There are no specific requirements for this document. Cisco IOS can be thought of as an internetworking brain, a highly intelligent administrator that manages and controls complex, distributed network resources and functions. It is a software architecture, disassociated from hardware, that can be dynamically upgraded to adapt to changing technologies (hardware and software) as they evolve within a networking infrastructure. Cisco IOS® provides the unifying principles around which an internetwork can be maintained cost-effectively over time. The Cisco Internetworking Operating System (IOS) is a sophisticated operating system optimized for internetworking.
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